16th April - Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire and Fishlake Meadows, Hampshire

Last month while watching the Stone Curlews at RSPB Winterbourne I was talking to a birder who volunteered for the Great Bustard Group on Salisbury Plain, he told me where to see them, but warned of some bad roads with deep potholes.  However it was possible to go on a tour with the Group who would transport you in Land Rover Defenders.  This seemed a better idea and a tour was booked.

Fortunately Tuesday dawned with sunshine and calmer winds after the heavy rain and gale force winds the day before.  We were to meet at the Village Hall in Enford, a village on the outskirts of Amesbury.  While waiting for the tour leaders to arrive a pair of Red Kite provided entertainment above the playing fields.

Globally, the Great Bustard is at risk of extinction. Classed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List of Globally Threatened Species, it’s estimated that there are fewer than 35,000 Great Bustards left in the wild.

Created in 1998, the Great Bustard Group is on a mission to save this beautiful bird, reintroducing it to the wild and campaigning for increased protection from man-made and natural threats

The Great Bustard was a fixture in the UK until the mid 1800’s, when the species became a target for Victorian trophy hunters, and its natural habitat was destroyed by farmers. 

The UK remains very hospitable to the Great Bustard, with Wiltshire’s rolling downland and arable fields ideal conditions for the bird to thrive.  As such the Great Bustard Group was formed in 1998 to explore the possibility of reintroducing the Great Bustard to the UK. A feasibility study demonstrated that the UK offers suitable conditions for Great Bustards. It concluded the reintroduction of the bustard would add to the rich and vibrant ecosystem without harming existing indigenous bird species.

In 2004, the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) issued a 10-year trial licence for a reintroduction program. The first release was in 2004, and they continued until 2019. This has established a population of over 100 Bustards in the UK, and the population is now breeding at a level to be self-sufficient.

We left the village hall and drove up on to Salisbury Plain.  The road was in very poor condition and I was pleased I had resisted the urge to visit on my own.  We passed through a farm and then out on to the open Plain with arable fields around us.  Heading up a hill we were able to get the first views of Great Bustard, very similar to the ones I spotted in Portugal a few years ago.  This a male.

A little closer, the sun bringing out the rich reddish buff colours.

 Another male was going through their elaborate display, but sadly a long way off.

As we headed down the hill once more two males were seen in the field squaring up to each other.

Using their strong necks and bills the two males started to fight, we were told that this could end in death or at least bad injury to both birds.

Backing off and going eye to eye.

The Great Bustard (Otis tarda) is the largest member of the 26 species strong family of bustards. The Great Bustard is believed to be the heaviest flying bird on earth. The heaviest verified specimen, collected in Manchuria, was about 21kg.

Huge, heavily built and robust, but stately in appearance, adult male bustards can be identified by their bulging neck, heavy chest and characteristically cocked tail.  Their shape is similar to a large goose, but the bustard is much larger with considerably longer legs and a straighter neck.

The two Great Bustards were attracting the attention of the Red Kites, three birds were around, maybe they were expecting some blood or opportunity.

Males develop a band of russet coloured feathers on their lower neck and breast, which becomes wider and brighter as they get older. They grow large impressive bold white moustache whiskers (20cm long) and the colours on their back and the tail become more vivid.

We were told that this was behaviour very rarely seen, the two males fighting it out is unusual, they will normally display at the Lek and leave each other alone, leaving it to the females to choose their most suitable partner.  These birds, we were told, were of Spanish origin, originally Russian stock birds were released, but lately, for obvious reasons, it is birds from Spain.

We were taken to the visitor centre and shown some stuffed Bustards that really brought home the size of these birds.  On the journey back the two males were nowhere to be seen.  Other birds seen as we drove across the Plain were Yellowhammer, Corn Bunting and Red-legged Partridges.

From Wiltshire I headed back into Hampshire and Fishlake Meadows.  I thought it was a chance to find some more summer migrants.  In the car park an Orange Tip flew through, another species I was hoping to catch up with.

Walking along the canal path once again there were plenty of singing Chiffchaffs.

A little further another Fishlake specialty, the Cetti's Warbler.

I saw Peacock, and Brimstone, but little else, distant Swallows were above the open water, and both Sedge and Reed Warblers singing from the reeds, but not showing, probably due to the now quite blustery wind.

The path to the centre screens was still flooded, but not as bad as a few weeks ago.  What hadn't changed was the amount of birds seen from the screens.  The highlight being four fighting Little Grebes.

As I walked back there was a movement of Sand and House Martins.

Another Cetti's Warbler showed well along the centre path.

Back on the canal path I was taken by the beauty of the emerging leaves on the trees across the meadows.

Several Orange Tips flew past me and in the sunshine did not stop, however when the sun went in the butterflies were happy to stop and that gave me a chance.  Here a male.

With the wings slightly open and viewed from the side you get the chance to see the beautiful patterned underwing and the orange tips that give the butterfly its name.

Then when the sun came out the wings were opened.

There were several damselflies along the canal path, this Large Red Damselfly the only one to settle.

With the sun going in a female Orange Tip settled, once again showing off the beautiful patterned underwing.

Here the black tips on the upper side as opposed to the orange tips of the male.

A close up.

Just before I reached the car park I flushed a male Bullfinch from having a bath in a stream below.  I couldn't get a clear view of the male, but the female had obviously been doing the same and she was just visible through the branches.

The Great Bustard Tour was a great experience and well worth taking, the money (£2%) goes towards the work the Group are doing, so that can't be bad.  Fishlake, once again, was Fishlake!

13th April - Posbrook Floods, Hampshire

Aside from the weather another reason for leaving Durlston at lunch time was the report of a pair of Garganey discovered this morning at the south end of Posbrook Floods at Titchfield Haven.  about five miles from the coast the weather changed with blue skies that remained with us all the way to Titchfield.

It took around 90 minutes to reach the car park at Bridge Street only to find it was full, fortunately we were able to park close by.  Walking down the canal path there was a fox on the left hand side enjoying what was now quite warm afternoon sunshine.

It was watching people walking along the path.

The sun was quite bright.

There wasn't any sign of the Barn Owl in the usual tree.  A Cetti's Warbler burst into song close by and there was also a Blackcap and Whitethroat singing in the same tree.  The Whitethroat then flew to a fence post and gave us both barrels.  This was a little bit better than the Whitethroat at Durlston first thing this morning.

The canal path alongside the Floods looked at its spring best.

A Chiffchaff was singing above us showing well in the lichen covered branches.

We scanned the floods thoroughly, there were at last three Coot nests, a Great Crested Grebe on the nest, Tufted Duck, Gadwall and Shoveler, but no sign of the reported Garganey.  We walked to the end of the floods and even checked the area adjacent, nothing could be seen.  The water levels are high and there is plenty of flooded vegetation the Garganey could sleep in, well out of sight.

In the trees on the other side of the canal a Treecreeper carrying food looked as if it was off to the nest, but we lost it before it gave away any location.

Great Spotted Woodpecker were calling from the top of the trees, there were at least three birds present and they would chase each other around the area, calling as they did so.

With not being able to find the Garganey were were on the verge of leaving, but we paused to watch the swallows hawking over the water at the north end of the floods.  Then a message came in of a Hobby hunting over Posbrook Floods.  A quick scan of the skies above produced a distant Hobby and we stayed to watch it catching insects in the hope it would drift closer.  A Marsh Harrier, Red Kite and Buzzard appeared at the south end of the Floods and the Harrier came close flushing duck.  As a group flew around Ian picked up the pair of Garganey with some Gadwall.  They settled on the water in view and we set off back along the path to get the best view.  The pair were in amongst the grasses.

The drake on its own.

The Garganey is the most migratory of all the western palearctic ducks and is unique as it is the only duck to migrate to breed and leave for the winter.  It is a small duck being a little larger than a Teal, with a longer bill and tail.  In flight males of all ages show a pale blue grey forewing with bold wing bars.

It is thought that about 120 pairs of Garganey breed in the United Kingdom, contrary to its scarcity in the UK the global population is very large and extensive.

Old English names for the Garganey are "Cricket Teal" due to the males' vocalisations and "Summer Teal" due to its seasonal presence.

As with other wildfowl, Garganey is impacted by hunting, not just being shot but through the ingesting of lead pellets.  Fortunately there appears to be an upward trajectory for the Garganey in Britain, with the creation of wetlands likely a key factor.  The drying out of wetlands further south in the breeding range and continued warmer temperatures are likely to push a northward shift, so it may well  be that we see more of the Garganey here in Britain.

After this shot the pair disappeared once more into the vegetation and out of sight.

We made our way back to the car after what had been a very successful day